The effects of surfactants on the skin include skin tightening, rough skin and skin irritation. If distinguished by the types of main surfactants (hereinafter referred to as surface active agents), facial cleansers can be divided into soap-based and amino acid-based types. And compound facial cleanser.
(1) Soap-based facial cleanser
Soap base is made by the neutralization of fatty acid and alkali. Fatty acid generally contains lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. The alkali used for neutralization is generally potassium hydroxide.
Soap-based facial cleanser has the characteristics of texture, rich foam, smooth and dense, strong cleaning ability, easy to rinse, and refreshing after use.
Because the fatty acid salt is alkaline, the pure soap-based product has a pH of 9-10, which is not compatible with the skin's pH of 5, so it is not mild enough for the skin, and it is easy to cause tightness and dryness after washing for people with fragile skin.
(2) Amino acid facial cleanser
Amino acid type facial cleanser is a neutral to weakly acidic facial cleanser composed mainly of amino acid system surfactants and a low-irritating cleansing base.
Because the amino acid surface activity has moderate detergency, good foaming performance, excellent flushing performance, good affinity with the skin, low irritation, the disadvantage is weak foaming power.
There are many types of amino acid surface activity. The amino acid type cleansing products mainly include glycine type, glutamic acid type and methyl taurine type.
(3) Compound facial cleanser
Different surfactants will have different experience and characteristics. In order to develop a better-use facial cleanser, a balance between foam, cleansing efficiency, skin mildness and pleasant and comfortable skin feel is usually selected. The method of surfactant compounding.
For example: soap-based surfactants have fast foaming speed, dense and rich foam, easy to wash, but will bring dry skin feeling after washing, AES system foam performance is slightly weaker, there will be a slippery feeling during washing, the soap base and AES The compound is easier to adjust to a product with rich foam and moderate refreshing and moisturizing feeling.
Other types of surfactant compounds will also have excellent synergistic effects. For example, the use of amino acid surfactants with soap base can reduce the irritation of soap base; AES with amino acid surfactants can solve the problem of difficult thickening of amino acid surfactants; APG is combined with amino acid table activity.